As we make significant strides in our space research programs, there are a lot more challenges which could threaten the objective of such missions !
Subham Haldar, our next pathbreaker, works as Technical Lead at ERETS SPACE, a startup based in the UK tackling the critical challenge of space debris mitigation.
Subham talks to Shyam Krishnamurthy from The Interview Portal about juggling his full-time job with his Masters (MS) in Astronautical/Space Engineering from Università di PisaUniversità di Pisa (Italy).
For students, if you are interested in pursuing your career in the space sector, always remember your imagination and hard work will take you to the stars !
Subham, can you explain your background to our young readers?
Indeed,
I was born and raised in the picturesque small town of Port Blair, nestled in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, a charming town located more than 1000 kilometres away from the Indian mainland, sitting serenely in the Bay of Bengal. Despite its relative remoteness and being somewhat behind the technological advancements of mainland India, It has blessed me with a great childhood. I completed my schooling at Navy Children School, Port Blair, one of the esteemed schools on the island during that time. My mother dedicated herself to managing our household, while my father pursued our family profession serving as a private doctor in the islands. I am also blessed with two elder siblings who opted for the family profession (again). It’s amusing how we often find ourselves making exceptions when it comes to each other’s careers (usual sibling things).
Though I never used to get the marks my parents wanted to see on my report cards, I was trying to keep up with their expectations. At some point,I developed an interest in aircrafts, rockets and space when I was in my 7th standard, nearly around 11 years old. Two memorable events from my school years stand out vividly as they were instrumental in shaping my dreams. The first was being tasked with presenting a class talk in my 8th standard for my science project, focusing on one of the celestial bodies in our solar system. The second notable experience was the industrial visits to the armed forces stations, mock drills, naval annual shows and my most memorable visit to the air traffic control center organized by the Indian navy, in my hometown Port Blair. As a 11 year old kid, I began crafting my childhood dream to become an astronaut or a fighter pilot someday. I opted for science after my 10th standard. My parents always wanted me to pursue a career in medical science and follow the family profession, but somewhere the eagerness and curiosity of space, aircraft and rockets paved my path toward space science.
Being in a defence school, I was blessed with such a rich environment with students and classmates from all over the country coming from different parts of India and the best teachers on the island.
I was never an athletic kid but always found myself indulging in mischievous acts in school, bunking the class (very rarely) just to have a fun time with my friends playing basketball or never missing the swimming classes.
My hometown played a vital role in fueling my passion for aerospace. Located in a developed area of Port Blair Island, my home is situated directly beneath the air routes for incoming and outgoing aircraft. Growing up, I constantly observed commercial and fighter jets landing and taking off, right from my study desk throughout the day which deeply influenced my fascination with aviation and the aerospace industry. My childhood inspiration Rakesh Sharma, the Indian astronaut and former fighter pilot in IAF, profoundly inspired me during my school days. His remarkable journey coming from a defence background to becoming the first Indian in space on a Russian Soyuz mission still resonates deeply with me.
These events have fueled my passion for the aerospace industry, reinforcing the belief that with hard work and determination, it is possible to make significant contributions to the nation.
What did you do for graduation/ post-graduation?
I completed my bachelor’s in aerospace engineering. Though I had a job offer from a university placement in the IT and core sector, I realized that I lacked exposure to the field of space propulsion, and so I planned to pursue my studies further in this field, preferably somewhere abroad. I ended up forging my path to Universita Di Pisa, Pisa, Italy to pursue my master’s in space engineering specializing in space electric propulsion. Sometimes, things will never go as planned and the universe will make you wait until the right time. My master’s journey was delayed for almost 1.5 years due to various reasons, and during this period I indulged in various space research and volunteering programs and also secured a job in an international private space company.
What were some of the key influences that led you to such an offbeat, unconventional in Space Engineering?
My journey into the field of space science and propulsion was largely inspired by many people, specifically my mentor Dr. Sachin Srivastava, who I encountered during my bachelor’s years. He has shaped my career through his experiences and insights into the fascinating world of space exploration. He ignited my passion for this field and encouraged me towards it. I am truly blessed to have such a mentor in my life who never leaves my back and keeps pushing me forward.
As I have mentioned, a very key influencer during my childhood was Rakesh Sharma. His historic conversation during his space mission profoundly inspired me. When he described India as “Saare Jahan Se Achha” (better than the entire world) from space, it wasn’t just a patriotic sentiment for me, it felt like a call to all young minds like me to outer space. This inspiration has been a guiding force in my pursuit of a career in the space industry, fueling my ambition to contribute to national advancements in this critical field.
There were many turning points in my life that deeply inspired my passion, but one event that significantly influenced my decision to pursue a career in space propulsion occurred during my bachelor’s program when I witnessed an accident in our college’s first propulsion testing facility. Observing the rigorous testing and innovative processes involved in developing propulsion systems, we experienced a firsthand encounter with a solid rocket engine blast due to excess chamber pressure beyond the threshold chamber pressure (none were injured and was kept as a secret from the authorities). This sobering moment underscored the critical importance and inherent risks of space propulsion even at such a small scale, fuelling my determination to join the industry and contribute to its advancement.
My primary influencers have always been my family, specifically my maternal uncle, who has supported me wholeheartedly in my journey to become a space science professional. Despite my parent’s initial hopes that I would continue in the family profession, they recognized my passion for the unexpected and often unpredictable field of space science. Their unwavering encouragement allowed me to pursue my interests, providing me with the necessary resources and emotional support. They stood by me through the challenges and uncertainties, believing in my potential and inspiring me to follow my dreams, no matter how unconventional they seemed.
Can you tell us about your career path?
I believe it’s the combination of consistency and curiosity that underpins every space science professional’s thought process & journey. Throughout my journey, I have consistently reminded myself to maintain this balance, understanding that steadfast dedication coupled with an insatiable thirst for knowledge fuels progress in the intricate realm of space science. This mindset has guided me through both triumphs and setbacks.
INTERNSHIP/JOBS:
During my third year of college, I was part of Team Spantrik, where I interned as a propulsion engineer focusing on their sounding rocket, RAVEN. My primary role was to develop and analyze the mainline solid rocket engine designed for a suborbital mission aiming to reach 100 kilometres in altitude with a thrust output of approximately 1 Kilonewton. This involved conducting simulations, optimizing performance parameters, and ensuring the engine’s readiness for flight. A notable aspect of my internship was mastering real-time simulations of the sounding rocket and calculating its flight path under actual operational conditions. This experience was pivotal in enhancing my skills in solid rocket propulsion and practical aerospace engineering applications.
Right after my graduation, I was selected as a space propulsion intern at Armstrong Space, Australia under the international talent program. During this program, I interacted with professionals from the aerospace sector worldwide and gained valuable insights into the global landscape of space exploration.
It was a remote internship under the International Talent Program. My role as a Propulsion and Astrodynamics Intern involved collaborating with Armstrong Space AU’s team remotely. I contributed to propulsion system analysis and simulations, as well as astrodynamic calculations to support satellite orbit planning and maneuver optimization.
During my bachelor’s, I immersed myself in various internships and international space programs as a citizen space scientist. A few of my notable experiences as a citizen space scientist were participating in various international programs and initiatives like the International Asteroid Search Campaign (IASC), where I engaged in the critical task of identifying and tracking near-Earth asteroids, contributing directly to global efforts and succeeded in a preliminary discovery of asteroid named “2021 TK113”. Additionally, I had the opportunity to join the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) program as a citizen space scientist, where I observed and analyzed solar jets also known as solar mass ejections or dynamic plasma eruptions from the Sun’s surface. Furthermore, my participation in the Exoplanet Watch initiative at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) again as a citizen space scientist allowed me to contribute to the discovery and characterization of exoplanets beyond our solar system. These experiences have reinforced my commitment and expanded my understanding of space’s global importance. They taught me the value of seeing the bigger picture and staying up to date with global trends and innovations. This knowledge has been instrumental in shaping my approach to my career, emphasizing the importance of continuous learning, adaptability, and the pursuit of sustainable practices in all domains.
Upon completing my bachelor’s degree, I am pursuing further academic qualifications in the field of electric propulsion and space engineering along with working at ERETS SPACE. My research is focused on innovative propulsion technologies and their application in deep space missions, contributing to advancements in spacecraft efficiency and mission capabilities.
Cultivating a robust network of contacts within the global space science community is paramount to advancing a career and contributing meaningfully to the field. Throughout my academic and professional journey, I have cultivated a network within the space science community ranging from young budding minds, fellow researchers, industry experts, and professionals from government and private space agencies.
How did you get your first break?
I don’t personally subscribe to the notion of distinct “breaks.” Instead, I view my career as a continuous journey, marked by a series of turning points and opportunities that have collectively shaped my path.
As an average fresh graduate, I faced a significant dilemma: pursue my ambitions in the space industry, join the armed forces or follow the common path of “going on with campus placements jobs”. While this choice varies for each individual, I was steadfast in my decision to chase my goals, even though it meant a slower start to my career. I wanted to start my master’s soon after my graduation but it never went in the way I planned and it got delayed by almost 1.5 years. But yes, in the meantime I indulge myself in all possible and potential contributions to the space science committee through volunteering in space research, programs etc. Eventually, my stubborn belief in consistency and curiosity lifted off my career path in the international space sector. Though I participated in many programs, I still feel this valuable and unplanned gap in my education.
Erets Space is a UK-based company founded in 2022. I secured my position there through a strong recommendation and effective networking. After completing my tenure as a Propulsion and Astrodynamic Intern at Armstrong Space AU, I was recommended by the head team of Armstrong Space for the role of team lead at ERETS SPACE. Armstrong Space, now a subsidiary of Erets Space, facilitated my transition through their internal network.
I’m currently working overseas while pursuing my master’s in Italy. Although my studies are my primary focus, I sometimes travel for key events and projects at Erets Space when necessary.
Italy’s program in electric propulsion has always been highly appealing to me more than other countries. Though other countries may have better programs, I personally felt better growth in the scientific community here. Of course, the connections I was able to build through my guide and work was one of the reasons I was convinced of studying in Italy.
During my bachelor’s program, my interest in hybrid propulsion led me to collaborate indirectly with professors from one Italian university through my guide (he graduated from an Italian university too). This experience solidified my decision to pursue my master’s degree in space engineering in Italy. Particularly at Università di Pisa, the School of Aerospace Engineering here at Università di Pisa is known for its distinguished expertise in electric propulsion in Europe. With professors who are esteemed professionals and pioneers in the field, I specifically wanted to learn the technology of electric propulsion from them.
Particularly, while I did not receive any specific scholarship, I am incredibly fortunate to have received a full educational contribution from the university, which has completely waived off any university fees. This support is invaluable as it allows me to dedicate myself fully to my academic pursuits and pursue my passion. Moreover, working at Erets Space has been instrumental in maintaining a healthy financial balance.
Networking did play a crucial role in connecting me with the right people and opportunities at Erets Space.
This perspective reflects my belief in the ongoing nature of learning and development, where each experience, large or small, played a crucial role in shaping my career trajectory.
What were some of the challenges you faced? How did you address them?
Challenge 1: Growing up being the youngest among my siblings, I always had a fascination and dream of exploring outer space and contributing to humanity’s understanding of space. However, my family had a long-standing tradition in medicine and a bit in the armed forces (mostly few of my cousins and uncles were in the armed forces), and pursuing a career in space engineering seemed like venturing into uncharted territory to my parents.
Convincing my parents about my passion for space engineering was no easy feat. I vividly remember the countless conversations where I tried to explain the thrill of innovation in space technology and the potential to make a significant impact on future space missions. It took a lot of heartfelt discussions to help them see beyond our family’s traditional professions and understand the opportunities that lay ahead in the rapidly evolving field of space exploration.
Challenge 2: After graduating, I found myself at crossroads, trying relentlessly for my master’s studies abroad specifically at Universita di Pisa because I wanted to pursue my specialization in electric propulsion and I was also trying out my luck in the armed forces. Eventually in June of 2023, after constant rejection from universities abroad (as I made late applications to all the universities), It all came down to this challenge; on the one hand, I had successfully cleared the INET exams,for two positions, as an NA officer (Naval Aviator) and NAOO (naval air operation officer). I received the call letter for SSB to join the armed forces. I still remember the day, 6th of June 2023 when I received both of the call letters, and I had to report to SSC Bangalore by 26th of June early morning at 06:00 hours. On the other hand, on 16th June, I received a call letter from Universita Di Pisa for a master’s in space engineering (where I always wanted to pursue my master’s). It was a tough decision, weighing immediate service to my nation as defense personnel against furthering my education to specialize in a field that fascinated me to the core.
Ultimately, I chose to pursue my master’s degree in space engineering and didn’t appear for the SSB interview. It wasn’t an easy decision, but I knew that gaining specialized knowledge would equip me with the skills needed to contribute meaningfully to the aerospace industry and serve the nation, fulfilling my long-term aspirations.
Challenge 3: This is the current challenge I am facing, balancing studies while pursuing my master’s at Università di Pisa with work at Erets Space in the UK . Every day it requires a strong determination to excel in both areas. Yet, this experience has not only deepened my technical expertise but also strengthened my resilience and time management skills, a crucial foundation for my journey ahead in the space sector. Transitioning from being a full-time junior space scientist to becoming a student again along with a job is currently posing a significant challenge to me.
Each challenge I faced has been a stepping stone, shaping my determination and reinforcing my belief in the transformative power of pursuing one’s passion. Today, as I prepare to be a professional in the space sector, I reflect on these challenges as invaluable lessons that have propelled me closer to my dream of making a mark in the world of space exploration.
Where do you work now?
Balancing my role at Erets Space with pursuing my master’s degree in Italy has been an incredibly fulfilling challenge. I’ve been fortunate to receive invaluable guidance and support from our founder, who has been instrumental in accommodating my dual interests in working at Erets Space while continuing my education. Initially, it was challenging to make the authorities agree to manage both commitments, but our founder’s understanding and willingness to allow me to work remotely has made the transition smoother. Occasionally, I do need to travel for any events or organizational requirements whenever my participation is required. My responsibilities at the organisation are overseeing technical aspects and conducting research across the departments. Given Erets Space’s early stages and focus on research and development, I collaborate remotely with a dedicated team based in the UK, ensuring I contribute effectively while managing my academics.
The flexibility in my work hours at Erets Space has been crucial, seamlessly aligning with my academic commitments. This setup allowed me to focus on my studies during the day and dedicate time to work in the evening hours. Moreover, my responsibilities at Erets Space complement my current academia, providing a cohesive approach to managing both aspects of my professional and educational journey.
Currently, I work as a technical lead at ERETS SPACE (remotely), a distinguished startup based in the UK. Our primary focus is tackling the critical challenge of space debris mitigation. As part of my role, I am responsible for shaping the mission strategy and overseeing the technical aspects of our initiatives aimed at safeguarding Earth’s orbit from debris hazards.
What problems do you solve?
At ERETS SPACE, our organization’s mission is to address the escalating issue of space debris, which poses significant risks to operational spacecraft, satellites, and future space missions. I work on developing the spacecraft with innovative solutions and strategies to track, monitor, and potentially remove space debris to ensure the sustainability and safety of space activities.
So at Erets Space we develop spacecraft equipped with advanced technologies designed to mitigate and track space debris. Our business model revolves around removing hazardous space debris from orbit and ensuring a safer traffic of satellites in space. To achieve our goals we are designing, and launching these satellites, which incorporate innovative systems for tracking and potentially removing debris from orbit.
We are working to develop our spacecraft named ERETS-D and ERETS-C. The main objective of our spacecraft ERETS-C (it will be a constellation of 20 satellites) is to detect and track the debris whereas our dedicated spacecraft named ERETS-D will remove these debris from the orbit.
Our goal at Erets Space majorly is to play a significant role in the global effort to reduce space debris and safeguard future space activities by developing these spacecraft in-house.
What skills are needed for the job? How did you acquire these skills?
The role also requires proficiency in systems engineering, particularly in designing and implementing spacecraft and systems that effectively address the challenges posed by space debris. Understanding the intricacies of space environment dynamics and orbital mechanics is essential for devising precise trajectory calculations and collision avoidance strategies. Leadership and strategic thinking are crucial for guiding teams through complex projects and making informed decisions that align with our mission goals.
My academic journey in aerospace engineering provided a solid foundation, but it was through hands-on experiences such as internships and research projects that I honed these skills. These opportunities allowed me to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios, collaborating with experts to develop innovative solutions and gain practical insights into the complexities of space missions. Additionally, staying updated with advancements in space technology through continuous learning and professional development ensures that I remain at the forefront of my field, equipped to tackle evolving challenges in space debris mitigation and contribute effectively to our mission at ERETS SPACE.
What’s a typical day like?
As a technical lead at ERETS SPACE, managing remote work while pursuing my master’s degree, my daily routine is meticulously structured to harmonize professional obligations and academic pursuits.
Morning Routine: My day commences at 5:30 or 6 am with a thorough review of emails(if any) or daily work plans, ensuring I am prepared for the tasks ahead. I attend a briefing meeting with our founder to align on daily priorities (doesn’t occur at a specific time each day but often in the very early mornings). By 8:30 am, I seamlessly transition into my university studies, where I engage in attending classes, conducting research in our university propulsion labs often disturbing my schedules but highlighting my week, and participating in virtual lectures and discussions as part of my academic routine.
Midday Break and Transition: Around 1:30 pm, after fulfilling my university commitments, I return home for lunch and personal rejuvenation, preparing for the afternoon’s professional engagements.
Afternoon Strategic Sessions: From 3:30 pm onward each consecutive day, I lead strategic discussions with our technical departments at ERETS SPACE. This involves refining mission objectives, assessing progress, and planning future initiatives. I conduct technical meetings with various teams, focusing on analyzing project data, and simulations, and brainstorming solutions to optimize debris removal technologies. These sessions are pivotal for aligning technical strategies with our overarching mission goals.
Conclusion of the Day: Typically concluding around 7:00 pm, I ensure all critical tasks are completed and remain available for urgent matters or team consultations as necessary. The flexibility of remote work allows me to maintain a balanced approach to professional and academic responsibilities, fostering a productive and enriching day focused on advancing our mission at ERETS SPACE.
Evening Focus on Development: As the evening unfolds, I prioritize personal development by delving into research, attending pertinent training sessions, or engaging in self-study to enhance my expertise in aerospace engineering. This dedicated time not only supports my academic pursuits but also enriches my understanding of complex industry challenges. Additionally, I strictly indulge myself in extracurricular activities like swimming or running daily before dinner.
Travel and Event Engagement: Additionally, my role sometimes requires travel to ERETS SPACE facilities or any planned events as needed. These trips are essential for overseeing project milestones, collaborating directly with teams, and participating in industry conferences. This hands-on involvement enhances our operational efficiency and strengthens relationships within the global aerospace community, further contributing to our mission of ensuring the sustainability of space exploration.
What do you love about this job?
What I truly love about my job at ERETS SPACE is the opportunity to be deeply involved in solving one of the most critical challenges facing space exploration today: space debris mitigation. This role allows me to apply my passion for aerospace engineering and electric propulsion towards developing innovative solutions that safeguard Earth’s orbit. I find immense fulfillment in knowing that our work contributes directly to the sustainability of space activities, ensuring that future generations can continue exploring and utilizing space safely and responsibly.
Moreover, I am inspired by the collaborative environment at ERETS SPACE, where I work alongside dedicated professionals who share a common goal. The chance to engage with experts from diverse backgrounds and disciplines fuels my continuous learning and growth in this rapidly evolving field. Every day presents new challenges and opportunities to push the boundaries of what’s possible in space technology, which keeps me motivated and excited about the work we do.
Additionally, I appreciate how my role encourages creativity and innovation. Whether it’s refining mission strategies, optimizing spacecraft designs, or exploring cutting-edge propulsion technologies, I am constantly challenged to think outside the box and find novel approaches to address complex problems. This dynamic aspect of the job allows me to contribute my skills and expertise in meaningful ways, driving progress towards our mission goals.
Overall, the combination of meaningful impact, collaborative teamwork, continuous learning, and the opportunity to innovate is what makes my job at ERETS SPACE incredibly fulfilling and inspiring to me.
How does your work benefit society?
Work at ERETS SPACE directly benefits society by focusing on mitigating space debris, a critical issue that affects both space infrastructure and Earth’s environment. By developing advanced technologies and strategic solutions, we safeguard operational spacecraft and satellites, ensuring the continuity of essential services such as communication, weather forecasting, and navigation systems that society relies on daily. Additionally, reducing space debris helps preserve the sustainability of space activities, minimizing the risks of collisions and environmental impacts in orbit. Our efforts also contribute to advancing space exploration by creating safer pathways for deploying new satellites and conducting scientific missions, thereby expanding our knowledge of the universe and fostering global collaboration in space exploration. Ultimately, our work inspires future generations to pursue careers in STEM fields and contributes to the ongoing innovation and exploration of space for the benefit of humanity.
Tell us an example of a specific memorable work you did that is very close to you!
One particularly significant experience that holds great personal meaning to me is the opportunity to present our cutting-edge space debris mitigation technology at the Web Summit in Lisbon, Portugal, in November 2023 and the Space Supplier Summit in Glasgow, UK, in January 2024. Our innovation, which utilizes fiber lasers to gently manoeuver small debris towards Earth for safe atmospheric incineration, faced considerable scrutiny in the context of the space sector’s critical nature and the stringent regulations set forth by the Space Treaty of the 1960s.
During our presentation, legitimate concerns were raised about the potential misuse or weaponization of our technology by national defence organizations and other entities. This challenge prompted our team to swiftly implement a series of initiatives aimed at clarifying the technology’s intended purpose, and its operational mechanics, and dispelling any misconceptions surrounding its capabilities.
While our efforts did not immediately yield commitments, the recognition and commendation received from the Summits committee and delegates from the UK Space Agency affirmed the value of our approach. This experience underscored for me the profound impact of teamwork, resilience, and the continuous pursuit of improvement in navigating complex challenges and advancing our mission in the aerospace industry.
Your advice to students based on your experience?
Based on my experiences, my advice to all of the young minds out there is to follow their passions wholeheartedly, believing in your instincts in your guts, even if it means diverging from conventional paths. Believe in yourself and your abilities to achieve your goals, knowing that your confidence and perseverance will achieve the highest.
Making out your equation to excel in your life, can be continuous learning, curiosity, passion or eagerness. Your imagination and the effort to work towards it is the key, so keep experimenting and working hard until you reach where you want to be. Once coached by my mentor, “Self-motivation is challenging to achieve, but once attained, it becomes a spear to pierce through any challenges you encounter in your life.” Mastering the art of self-motivation is akin to planting seeds that will grow and sustain you through adversity.
Balancing priorities is crucial, so learning to manage time effectively and maintaining a healthy balance is a must.
Build a strong network of peers and professionals in your preferred industry for collaboration and support. Networking will bring the potential opportunity to you.
Most importantly, having mentors and putting all of your beliefs in them is foundational to navigating the complexities of your career and personal growth as well. They will always offer you valuable advice and insights during your challenging times. Their guidance will always help you to illuminate the path forward.
And lastly, If you are interested in pursuing your career in the space sector, always remember your imagination and hard work will take you to the stars. Choose an education path in the STEM fields (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) and always indulge yourself in space programs or research right from your school days. Confine yourself to the things related to space and believe me you will find yourself gravitating towards it.
Future Plans?
Being in a defense school, the inherent sense of duty and commitment to serving the nation was deeply instilled in me. The environment nurtured my dedication to contributing meaningfully to national and global advancements, guiding my career choices and personal ambitions.
I meticulously planned my career trajectory with a clear vision to pursue a PhD in electric space propulsion, furthering my academic pursuits and expertise in this specialized field in the next 1 to 2 years down the lane, along with establishing my startup in India focused on developing sustainable space propulsion technologies. This dream was fueled by a desire to leverage innovation for the benefit of our nation’s space capabilities and focus on space environmental sustainability.
Recently, after years of preparation and dedication, my vision started to take shape. With the invaluable partnership, guidance, and mentorship of my guide Dr. Sachin Srivastava, we have recently founded GAIA SPACE, INDIA, very recently officially registered under the Government of India, which aims to pioneer cutting-edge propulsion technologies that prioritize sustainability within the global space industry. As we eagerly prepare for our company launch shortly, the journey ahead is marked by our shared commitment to revolutionizing in-space propulsion very specifically.
While these future career trajectories deviate slightly from my dream of becoming a full-time astronaut someday, I am actively looking out for participation in analogue astronaut missions frequently conducted by European and other international space organizations. Hoping out again to be an astronaut someday.