Whether it is energy efficiency or environmental friendliness or silent power, Electric Vehicles trump traditional ICE based vehicles in several departments !
Shiv Prakash, our next pathbreaker, Motor Control Engineer at Bugatti-Rimac (Zagreb, Croatia), works on resolution of control challenges that arise during high-speed operations of hypercars (Bugatti).
Shiv talks to Shyam Krishnamurthy from The Interview Portal about an intriguing project he worked on that involved modeling the last mile battery for Queensland Rails, utilized to propel the train in case of any disruptions or faults in the power line.
For students, the growth of electric vehicles will open up breakthrough advancements in battery technology, charging infrastructure, and electric drivetrain systems which all fall under the domain of power electronics !
Shiv, Your background?
Delving into the rich tapestry of my personal journey, I shall now touch upon the remarkable facets of my upbringing, academic pursuits, extracurricular engagements, and the initial sparks of interest that kindled my passions, alongside providing insights into the backgrounds of my esteemed parents.
Given my father’s distinguished tenure in the Indian Armed Forces, our abode witnessed a nomadic existence, compelling us to relocate approximately every three years. Consequently, my formative years were colored by the vibrant landscapes of Assam, Jammu, Lucknow, West Bengal, with a substantial portion of my senior secondary education culminating in the serene surroundings of Himachal Pradesh’s Dharamshala.
What did you do for graduation/post-graduation?
Building upon this foundation, I embarked on a scholastic voyage and ultimately attained a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the esteemed Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Technology University, nestled near the bustling city of Mumbai. The pivotal juncture that unequivocally directed my path towards engineering materialized when I triumphed in my first UPSC examination, specifically the National Defense Academy (NDA), where I confidently affirmed my unwavering commitment to engineering during the interview with the Screening Selection Board (SSB). In response to their query regarding an alternative path, I resolutely stated “Engineering” without a moment’s hesitation. Additionally, the allure of electrical engineering burgeoned organically within me during my 12th standard, casting an enchanting spell that left an indelible impression.
Fueled by an unquenchable thirst for knowledge and a desire to pursue higher education, I yearned for a more fulfilling academic experience, considering the perceived limitations in the quality of instruction during my undergraduate studies. Consequently, I set my sights on an illustrious institution such as the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) for my post-graduation endeavors. Determined and dedicated, I embarked on an arduous journey of preparation for the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE), ultimately securing an admirable rank that paved the way for my admission to the prestigious IIT Gandhinagar.
What made you choose this career?
I found myself on this career path as if it chose me, as I simply followed the calling of my heart.
Among the key influencers who have significantly impacted my journey, I hold in high regard the contributions of individuals such as Michael Faraday, Gilbert Strang, Prof. S Rajendran, and Dr. Nithin V George.
During my time in Sydney, Australia, I had the opportunity to present a conference paper. This experience exposed me to a remarkable group of individuals who possessed extensive knowledge and expertise. Interacting with such insightful and captivating individuals greatly influenced my decision to delve deeper into intriguing topics and continue my work in those areas.
Tell us about your career path
The majority of my coursework during my master’s degree focused on controls and power electronics. Moreover, I specialized in control design for a DC-DC high boost converter for my master’s thesis, successfully completing the research and analysis in this area.
In my initial job role, I was responsible for designing and simulating power electronics converters such as DC-DC converters and DCU (converter controllers). One intriguing project I worked on involved modeling the last mile battery for Queensland Rails. This specialized battery system is utilized to propel the train in case of any disruptions or faults in the power line connected to the pantograph (special devices mounted on electric trains to collect current from one or several contact wires). It is worth noting that during neutral sections, where no power is available to the pantograph, the auxiliary converter and last mile battery are employed to provide power for the train’s lighting and air conditioning systems.
After the merger of Bombardier into Alstom, I worked more or less on the same topic as in Bombardier.
My approach has always been, to tackle a complex problem effectively, it is beneficial to break it down into smaller, more manageable pieces and address each component individually.
How did you get your first break?
In my journey, I consider my initial breakthrough to be the moment I secured admission into IIT Gandhinagar. Following that milestone, I gained valuable experience working in the railway industry for a few years. Subsequently, I perceive my second breakthrough as the opportunity to contribute my skills and expertise to a renowned organization like Bugatti-Rimac.
Following the completion of my M.Tech degree from IIT Gandhinagar, I was offered a campus placement at Bombardier Transportation. However, my passion lay in working on the development of motor controls, and so I decided to directly apply to Rimac-Technology (Bugatti) in Zagreb.
Where do you work now? What problems do you solve?
I work at Bugatti- Rimac as Motor Control Engineer
Within my current role at a Hypercar company, I am engaged in the resolution of control challenges that arise during high-speed operations. Specifically, my responsibilities involve the development of discrete domain control algorithms.
A hypercar is a broad term used to describe automobiles capable of generating substantial torque and achieving high speeds. To attain such exceptional performance, meticulous attention must be given to designing the motors and control algorithms. Specifically, the three-phase inverter (power electronics converter), must be carefully engineered, and efficiently managed. While it may be challenging to envision an electric vehicle (EV) in the realm of hypercars, Bugatti-Rimac has accomplished this feat by successfully creating an EV that currently holds the title as the world’s fastest hypercar. Few examples of hypercars are Lamborghini, Ferrari, MacLaren but none of them are EV (Electric Vehicles), they run on gas as of now.
What skills are needed in your role? How did you acquire the skills?
A comprehensive understanding of Electrical Engineering, encompassing areas such as motors, control systems, and coding proficiency in Matlab, C++, and Model-based design.
What’s a typical day like?
Solving sampling simulation issues, reading research papers, implementing control blocks for motor control etc.
What is it you love about this job?
Every day presents new and exciting challenges, requiring me to delve into extensive research paper reading and subsequent implementation.
How does your work benefit society?
1. Environmental Friendliness: EVs produce zero tailpipe emissions, reducing air pollution and combating climate change. They help decrease greenhouse gas emissions and dependency on fossil fuels, promoting cleaner and greener transportation.
2. Energy Efficiency: Electric motors are significantly more efficient than internal combustion engines, converting a higher percentage of energy from the battery to power the vehicle. This increased energy efficiency translates to reduced energy consumption and lower operating costs.
3. Renewable Energy Integration: EVs can act as energy storage devices, enabling the integration of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. They can charge during periods of excess renewable energy production and discharge power back to the grid when demand is high, contributing to a more balanced and sustainable energy grid.
4. Cost Savings: Though the upfront cost of EVs may be higher than traditional vehicles, they offer long-term savings. Electric vehicles have lower maintenance costs due to fewer moving parts, and electricity is generally cheaper than gasoline or diesel fuel. Additionally, governments and organizations often provide incentives and subsidies to encourage electric vehicle adoption.
5. Quiet and Smooth Operation: Electric motors operate quietly and provide smooth acceleration, enhancing the overall driving experience. This reduced noise pollution is particularly beneficial in urban areas and contributes to a more serene and pleasant environment.
6. Health Benefits: As EVs do not emit tailpipe pollutants, they help improve air quality and reduce respiratory issues and associated health problems caused by vehicle emissions. This can lead to a healthier population and a better quality of life.
7. Technological Advancements: The growth of electric vehicles stimulates advancements in battery technology, charging infrastructure, and electric drivetrain systems. This fosters innovation, drives research and development, and promotes the adoption of sustainable technologies.
Tell us an example of a specific memorable work you did that is very close to you!
My work in designing the state of the art controller for the Hypercar , Modelling battery systems for Bosch and working on Queensland Metro while I was in Bombardier, were all memorable.
Your advice to students based on your experience?
If you have the good fortune of discovering your true passion, consider yourself among the most fortunate individuals on Earth. When you are blessed with the knowledge of what truly captivates you, it is crucial to hold onto it tightly and devote yourself to its pursuit with unwavering dedication. Treat it as the very essence of your being, for it has the potential to provide all the necessary ingredients for a content and fulfilling life.
Future Plans?
My aspiration is to establish a company that focuses on generating electrical energy in a more sustainable manner. I aim to cultivate an ecosystem that fosters a closer collaboration between industry and academia.