Nanomaterials continue to push the boundaries of sensor technology, particularly in the realm of healthcare applications.
Jose Varghese, our next pathbreaker, Consultant – Nano-Chemistry, Regulatory, and Patent Strategy at Virtual Sense Global Technologies (Pune), leads and contributes to the development of Nanomaterial based gas sensors that assist in the creation of wearables that can monitor human breath.
Jose talks to Shyam Krishnamurthy from The Interview Portal about his PhD on development of quantum dots for bioimaging, which hold immense potential for advancing diagnostics and targeted therapies in medicine.
For students, remember that careers can be like a winding road. It’s perfectly okay to explore different paths until you find what truly excites you.
Jose, what were your early years like?
I grew up in the bustling city of Kochi, which is a vibrant part of the state of Kerala. Kochi is known for its mix of modern life and rich history, with a beautiful coastline and lots of exciting things happening all around.
After finishing school, I decided to dive into a field called nanotechnology. Now, don’t let the big word scare you! It’s all about really tiny stuff – like making things incredibly small to do amazing things. Imagine working with things so small that you can’t even see with your eyes!
Apart from studying, I loved playing badminton. It’s a fun and energetic sport that requires a lot of teamwork, just like in real life! Teamwork is a super important skill that you can use in any career.
When I was your age, I was really fascinated by electronics. I loved learning how things like phones, computers, and all sorts of gadgets work. It’s amazing how these machines can do so many things!
My dad used to work for the government, but he’s retired now. He spent his career working to help make our community a better place. My mom, on the other hand, takes care of our home and supports us in all the things we do. She’s like the heart of our family!
As I went through school and college, I kept an open mind. I explored different subjects and activities, and I wasn’t afraid to try new things. This helped me discover my passion for nanotechnology. I also learned the importance of teamwork, which has been invaluable in my career.
Remember, it’s perfectly okay if you’re not sure about your future career yet. It’s a journey, and along the way, you’ll find what truly excites and inspires you. Keep asking questions and exploring new things – you never know where it might lead you!
What did you do for graduation and postgraduation ?
For my graduation and post-graduation, I pursued something called Integrated Masters in Nanoscience and Technology. Now, that might sound like a bit of a mouthful, but it’s essentially a special program where I got to learn about really tiny things – even smaller than what we can see with our eyes!
I chose the Integrated Masters in Nanoscience and Technology because I was deeply fascinated by the potential of working at the nanoscale and its applications in various industries, from electronics to healthcare. Additionally, I saw this program as an opportunity to gain a more comprehensive understanding of both the theoretical and practical aspects of nanotechnology. While it may be less common, I believe it has equipped me with a unique skill set that sets me apart in this field.
During my studies, I worked on a cool project. I was trying to figure out how to use incredibly tiny materials to carry medicine inside our bodies. Imagine if you could have tiny carriers that could deliver medicine exactly where it’s needed. It’s like a superhero for medicine!
What were some of the influences that led you to such an offbeat, unconventional and cool career?
For my master’s project, I delved into something called Polymer Nanocomposites. Again, don’t let the big words intimidate you! It’s all about creating super strong materials that can be used in all sorts of amazing ways. It’s like creating the building blocks for futuristic technology!
Nanocomposites are essentially materials that are made by combining nanoscale particles, typically nanoparticles, with a bulk material like a polymer. This combination enhances the properties of the resulting material, making it stronger, lighter, and more durable compared to traditional materials.
For example, in aerospace engineering, nanocomposites are used to create lighter and stronger aircraft components, which can lead to more fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly aviation. In the medical field, they can be used to develop innovative materials for implants, drug delivery systems, and even advanced diagnostic tools.
In the electronics industry, nanocomposites play a pivotal role in creating high-performance components and miniaturized devices. They can also be used in everyday items like sports equipment, automotive parts, and even in construction materials to improve their strength and longevity.
The fascinating part is that the potential applications are virtually limitless. Imagine building structures that are not only incredibly strong but also lightweight, or developing medical implants that seamlessly integrate with the body. These are just a few examples of how nanocomposites are revolutionizing various industries and shaping the future of technology!
These projects were like exciting puzzles for me. I got to experiment, test ideas, and learn a lot along the way. It was a bit like being a scientist in a lab, discovering new things!
Remember, education is like a superpower. It equips you with the knowledge and skills to explore and invent amazing things. So, never stop being curious and asking questions! Who knows, maybe one day you’ll be working on projects just as cool or even cooler than mine!
There were a few special people and experiences that guided me towards my career:
My father played a pivotal role in shaping my career choice. He didn’t just support me, he actually pushed me to explore this unique path. His belief in me and in the potential of nanoscience and technology was a powerful motivator.
I also had a strong interest in this field right from the start. I was fascinated by how tiny things could have such a big impact on our world. It’s like being a part of a secret world that not everyone gets to see!
I looked up to scientists who did unique and meaningful things. They were like modern-day explorers, discovering new frontiers in science. It showed me that with curiosity and hard work, you can achieve incredible things.
There was a special person in my life, Professor Enoch, who introduced me to this field. He were like a guide, showing me the wonders of nanoscience and technology. It’s amazing how a single person can open up a whole new world of possibilities!
Remember, it’s perfectly normal to be inspired by people around you. Whether it’s a family member, a teacher, or someone you look up to, their influence can help shape your path. So, always keep an eye out for the people and experiences that ignite your curiosity and passion!
How did you plan the steps to get into the career you wanted? Or how did you make a transition to a new career? Tell us about your career path
After completing my integrated Masters in Nanoscience and Technology, I knew I wanted to delve deeper into nanotechnology. Since I was really interested in research, I decided to pursue a PhD. I joined the University of Johannesburg from 2017 to 2021, where I had the opportunity to learn and gain valuable experience from both Mahatma Gandhi University in India and the University of Johannesburg in South Africa.
Choosing South Africa for my PhD was a deliberate decision for several reasons. Firstly, I was particularly drawn to the research opportunities and academic environment at the University of Johannesburg. The institution had a strong focus on nanotechnology, and I believed it was an excellent fit for my research interests.
Additionally, South Africa, with its diverse cultural and academic landscape, offered a unique perspective and exposure to different approaches in the field of nanoscience. This international experience allowed me to collaborate with researchers from various backgrounds, enriching my academic journey.
In terms of financial support, I was fortunate to be awarded the NRF South Africa scholarship, which played a crucial role in facilitating my studies and research endeavors during my PhD.
Regarding the focus of my PhD, I worked on the development of quantum dots for bioimaging. Quantum dots are semiconductor nanocrystals that have remarkable optical properties, making them invaluable for imaging biological structures at the cellular and molecular level. This technology holds immense potential for advancing diagnostics and targeted therapies in medicine.
My research aimed to enhance the synthesis methods and optimize the properties of these quantum dots for precise and efficient bioimaging applications. This involved a combination of chemical synthesis techniques, characterization methods, and bioconjugation strategies to ensure the quantum dots were both biocompatible and capable of providing high-resolution images.
This project was not only intellectually stimulating but also had significant implications for the field of medical imaging and diagnostics. It was a rewarding experience to contribute to the development of cutting-edge technologies with the potential to impact healthcare and biotechnology in a meaningful way.
Following my PhD, I joined Nopo Nanotechnology in Bangalore. Here, my primary focus was on optimizing a special reactor to produce something called SWCNTs (don’t worry if that sounds like a bunch of letters! It’s just a type of really tiny material).
Nopo specializes in manufacturing small diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). These nanotubes have a diameter of 0.8-1 nanometer and find applications in various industries such as electronics, sensors, semiconductors, EV batteries, medical, filtration, and more.
In my role at Nopo, I worked in the production department, where my primary focus was on optimizing the production of these carbon nanotubes and assessing their quality. This involved working closely with our industry partners to ensure that the nanotubes met the required standards and could be effectively utilized in various applications.
While my work at Nopo was related to my expertise in this field, it was not directly tied to my PhD. However, the knowledge and skills I gained during my PhD studies certainly provided a solid foundation for understanding and contributing to the production of carbon nanotubes at Nopo.
My next role was at Medidee Services, a European company that focused on biomedical devices and their regulatory affairs. This was a bit of a shift from my previous role, as I started focusing on things like classifying medical devices, evaluating their safety, and creating plans for devices to be used in the European market.
As my career progressed, I decided to move back to my true passion – research. This time, I honed in on gas sensors and wearable devices.
Remember, careers can be like a winding road. It’s perfectly okay to explore different paths until you find what truly excites you. Each step is a learning experience that brings you closer to where you’re meant to be. So, always be open to new opportunities and follow your passion! Who knows, one day you might be making groundbreaking discoveries in your dream field!
How did you get your first break?
My first significant opportunity came after completing my PhD. I was eager to apply my knowledge in nanotechnology and explore new avenues in research. It was then that I joined Nopo Nanotechnology in Bangalore. This was a pivotal moment for me, as it allowed me to delve into a specialized area of nanotechnology and work on optimizing a reactor for producing SWCNTs. It was a great learning experience and helped me establish myself in the field.
I got the job by directly applying.
What were some of the challenges you faced and how did you address them?
Throughout my journey, I encountered a few challenges that tested my determination and problem solving skills. One significant challenge was the complexity of my research projects. Working on nanomaterials and advanced technologies can be quite intricate, and it requires a deep understanding of the subject matter.
To address this, I made sure to approach each project systematically. I broke down complex tasks into smaller, manageable steps. I also sought guidance from mentors and colleagues, which proved invaluable in gaining different perspectives and insights.
Another challenge I faced was transitioning from a research-focused role to one involving regulatory affairs in the biomedical field. This required me to acquire new knowledge and skills in areas like medical device classification and toxicological evaluation.
To overcome this, I dedicated extra time to learning and attending relevant workshops and training sessions. I also collaborated closely with experts in the field and actively sought feedback to ensure I was on the right track.
Adapting to a new work environment and company culture can also be a challenge. When I joined Medidee Services, it took some time to familiarize myself with their processes and procedures. To address this, I proactively engaged with my colleagues, sought clarification when needed, and participated in team-building activities to integrate smoothly into the organization.
Remember, facing challenges is a natural part of any career journey. It’s how we respond to them that defines our growth and success. So, don’t be afraid to tackle challenges head-on, seek support when needed, and continuously seek opportunities for learning and improvement.
Can you tell us about your current role?
I’m currently working at a startup in Pune, Virtual Sense Global Technologies Pvt Ltd, where I’m involved in a range of exciting projects: In this role, I’m deeply involved in developing gas sensors and assisting in the creation of wearables that can monitor things like your heart rate. I’m also working on strategies to protect these inventions through things called patents.
What problems do you solve?
I specialize in bridging the gap between conceptualizing ideas and developing algorithms.
My work also involves designing advanced gas sensors, which is a critical aspect of our projects.
Additionally, I’m responsible for formulating regulatory strategies and monitoring patents, ensuring that our innovations meet industry standards and are legally protected.
What are the skills required for your role?
The role demands a combination of expertise in chemistry, strong analytical skills, a deep understanding of nanotechnology, and proficiency in programming with Python.
I acquired these skills through a combination of formal education, hands-on experience in research, and continuous self-learning.
What’s a typical day at work?
A typical day kicks off at 9 am, where we dive into a variety of tasks and problem-solving activities.
Depending on the workload and project deadlines, the day might extend well into the evening.
What do you love about this job?
What I find most fulfilling about this job is its inherent challenges. Each day presents new opportunities to learn and apply innovative solutions. It’s a dynamic environment that keeps me engaged and constantly learning.
How does your work benefit society?
The work I do in designing advanced gas sensors and bridging the gap between concepts and algorithms has several significant benefits for society:
Enhancing Safety and Well-being:
Additionally, these gas sensors are specially calibrated to monitor human breath. This innovation opens up a new frontier in healthcare, as it enables the early diagnosis of various diseases through breath analysis. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize how we approach healthcare and improve the lives of countless individuals.
Fostering Technological Innovation:
By working at the cutting edge of nanotechnology and algorithm development, I contribute to pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in sensor technology. This innovation not only leads to more effective solutions but also inspires further advancements in related fields.
Enabling Sustainable Practices:
Through my role in regulatory strategy and patient monitoring, I help ensure that our technologies meet industry standards and are legally protected. This encourages responsible and sustainable practices in the development and deployment of advanced technologies.
Contributing to Economic Growth:
The technologies and solutions we develop have the potential to drive economic growth by supporting industries that rely on accurate sensing and monitoring systems. This, in turn, leads to job creation and economic prosperity for communities.
Empowering Future Innovators:
As a part of a startup, our work sets an example for aspiring innovators and entrepreneurs. It shows them the potential impact that innovative technologies can have on society and encourages them to pursue their own groundbreaking ideas.
Overall, my work not only advances technology but also has a tangible positive impact on the safety, health, and well-being of society. It’s incredibly rewarding to know that what I do contributes to the betterment of our communities and the world at large.
Any memorable work you would like to talk about?
One of the most memorable experiences in my career was my involvement in a pivotal project in regulatory affairs. It was a comprehensive effort to navigate the complex landscape of medical device regulations and ensure compliance with European and US frameworks.
This project stood out for several reasons. Firstly, it demanded a deep understanding of intricate regulatory guidelines, necessitating meticulous attention to detail and a keen analytical mindset. Secondly, it required effective collaboration with cross-functional teams, including legal experts, engineers, and quality assurance professionals.
What made this project particularly special was its direct impact on ensuring the safety and efficacy of medical devices entering the market. It was immensely rewarding to know that our efforts were contributing to the well-being of patients relying on these devices for their health and quality of life.
Throughout the project, I worked closely with regulatory agencies, conducted thorough assessments, and developed robust documentation to support our submissions. Witnessing the successful approval and subsequent market entry of our devices was a moment of immense pride and reinforced the vital role of regulatory affairs in the healthcare industry.
This experience in regulatory affairs not only enhanced my expertise in compliance and standards but also reaffirmed my commitment to upholding the highest quality and safety standards in medical device development. It’s a project I hold very close to my heart, as it exemplifies the critical impact regulatory affairs professionals have on public health and safety.
Your advice to students?
1. Stay Curious and Explore Widely: Try new things to discover your passion.
2. Embrace Challenges for Growth: They’re opportunities in disguise.
3. Seek Guidance and Mentorship: Learn from experienced individuals.
4. Keep Learning and Adapting: Stay updated in your field.
5. Know Your Strengths: Focus on what you’re good at.
6. Build a Network: Connect with professionals for opportunities.
7. Believe in Yourself: You have the potential to make an impact.
8. Learn from Failure: It’s a stepping stone to success.
9. Stay Passionate and Curious: They’ll drive your journey.
10. Give Back and Make a Difference: Use your skills for good.
Future plans?
In the future, I aim to continue pushing the boundaries of sensor technology, particularly in the realm of healthcare applications. I’m passionate about exploring innovative solutions for early disease detection through breath analysis. Additionally, I plan to further delve into regulatory affairs, working towards streamlining processes and ensuring that our technologies meet global compliance standards.
Long-term, I aspire to lead a dynamic team of innovators, driving forward groundbreaking projects that have a positive impact on society. I also envision contributing to the broader scientific community through research publications and collaborations.
Ultimately, my goal is to be at the forefront of advancements in sensor technology, making meaningful contributions to the field and improving the lives of individuals worldwide.